twivel in Middle Dutch

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Etymology: From Old Dutch twīval, from Proto-West Germanic *twīfl. Etymology templates: {{etymon|dum|:inh|odt:twīval<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*twīfl>>}}, {{inh|dum|odt|twīval}} Old Dutch twīval, {{inh|dum|gmw-pro|*twīfl}} Proto-West Germanic *twīfl Head templates: {{head|dum|noun||{{{stem}}}-||{{{stem2}}}-|cat2=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|head2=|sort=}} twivel m, {{dum-noun|m}} twivel m Inflection templates: {{dum-decl-noun-st-m}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], twivel [nominative, singular], twivele [nominative, plural], twivel [accusative, singular], twivele [accusative, plural], twivels [genitive, singular], twivele [genitive, plural], twivele [dative, singular], twivelen [dative, plural], twifel [alternative], twifel [alternative]

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "twivelen"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "word": "twijfel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Limburgish",
      "lang_code": "li",
      "word": "twiefel"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "odt:twīval<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*twīfl>>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "twīval"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch twīval",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*twīfl"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *twīfl",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch twīval, from Proto-West Germanic *twīfl.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivels",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivelen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twifel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twifel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{stem}}}-",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "twivel m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "twivel m",
      "name": "dum-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "62 13 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 18 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 20 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "doubt, uncertainty"
      ],
      "id": "en-twivel-dum-noun-lTm2gUnN",
      "links": [
        [
          "doubt",
          "doubt"
        ],
        [
          "uncertainty",
          "uncertainty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ambiguity"
      ],
      "id": "en-twivel-dum-noun-CXjNVyNV",
      "links": [
        [
          "ambiguity",
          "ambiguity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "desperation, hopelessness"
      ],
      "id": "en-twivel-dum-noun-oCfZgZms",
      "links": [
        [
          "desperation",
          "desperation"
        ],
        [
          "hopelessness",
          "hopelessness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "twivel"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Dutch lemmas",
    "Middle Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Middle Dutch nouns",
    "Middle Dutch strong masculine nouns",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "twivelen"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "word": "twijfel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Limburgish",
      "lang_code": "li",
      "word": "twiefel"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "odt:twīval<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*twīfl>>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "twīval"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch twīval",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*twīfl"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *twīfl",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch twīval, from Proto-West Germanic *twīfl.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivels",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivele",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twivelen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twifel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twifel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{stem}}}-",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "twivel m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "twivel m",
      "name": "dum-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "doubt, uncertainty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "doubt",
          "doubt"
        ],
        [
          "uncertainty",
          "uncertainty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ambiguity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ambiguity",
          "ambiguity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "desperation, hopelessness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "desperation",
          "desperation"
        ],
        [
          "hopelessness",
          "hopelessness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "twivel"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"twivel" meaning in Middle Dutch

Noun